The Effect of Democracy on FDI (Foreign Direct Investmant) Term Paper

The Effect of Democracy on FDI (Foreign Direct Investmant) - Term Paper Example There are a number of concerns that are made when considering the effects of democracy on foreign direct investment. Theoretical perspectives have consistently linked foreign direct investment to government policy. The pervading logic behind these investments is not a matter of great complexity. In these regards, investors have been understood to remain more apt to invest long-term companies and corporate interests based on the host country’s ability to create policy measures that are most conducive to such investment. The complexity emerges as theorists attempt to determine the appropriate government climate for such investments. Currently the United States receives the most foreign direct investments, leading economists to prominently link FDI to the democratic governmental structure (‘greyhill’). Within the confines of the democratic political structure there are a number of specific policy considerations that have been established. One of the most prominent th eoretical perspectives on this matter is that foreign direct investment is directly responsive to changing economic situations. Jensen notes, â€Å"Elected politicians can no longer manipulate monetary policy, but monetary policy does remain responsive to changing economic conditions† (Jensen, pg. 2). In this context of understanding, the nature of the democratic election process itself does not necessarily benefit foreign direct investment, but creates a governmental structure that is highly conducive to developing policies that aid FDI. The main notion is that the encouragement of foreign direct investment must be accomplished in a dynamic context and that the democratic governmental structure is most conducive to this dynamism. In addition to the importance of a dynamic government policy to foreign direct investment, there is a number of other of elements positive linking democracy to FDI in terms of stability. In these regards, pervasive notions of democratic governments having more stability are one of the primary contributors to an increase in FDI (Jensen). While such perspectives on the democratic political structure have been proven erroneous in specific contexts, one considers the current economic fallout in Greece as a primary example; it is oftentimes the perception that drives the reality. Another predominant link between democracy and FDI in terms of stability occurs as a result of the democratic process of checks and balances. Jensen notes, â€Å"The institutional checks and balances associated with democratic systems decrease the likelihood of policy reversal, providing multinationals with a de facto commitment to policy stability† (Jensen, pg. 4). With the stability afforded by these checks and balances, corporations are able to more accurately forecast future returns. Ultimately, it is this stability that greatly While there are considerable arguments for the linkage of democracy to foreign direct investment, counter-arguments ex ist to this proposition. The main notion is that the nature of governmental policy and foreign direct investment is not as multi-varied as some would contest. This perspective contends that the overwhelming link between foreign investments in a host country is the level of taxation. Jensen notes, â€Å"Conventional wisdom holds that nations woo multinationals by

Collective Bargaining and School Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Collective Bargaining and School Finance - Essay Example Each unit designs a contract proposal which is introduced to the districts Labor Relations Department. In the negotiating sessions the proposals and counterproposals are exchanged until an agreement is reached between both the parties in good faith. After the one year of approved contract, it is required to include a provision for reopening negotiations on specific items like salary, benefits, and one or two additional items to be selected by each party. According to the Rodda Act negotiating parties should participate, and stick to certain behaviors and time lines. They should discuss all issues to make proposals and counterproposals in an effort to reach agreement. In the school environment, this act allows teachers and employees the right to meet and negotiate with the employer with respect to wages, benefits and working conditions. Taylor Law has founded an agency named ‘The Public Employment Relations Board’ (PERB) to exercise the law. PERB’s board has three members for performing activities including adjudicating and establishing public policy concerning public sector labor relations issues; attorneys for the board; administrative law judges that hear claims of improper practices; mediators that assist public employers and employee organizations in contract negotiations; administrative and support staff that ensure services are delivered to the public sector labor relations community. PERB is responsible for interpreting disputes as to matters that are or are not ‘within scope’. The range of subjects within a scope includes matters relating to wages, hours, and working conditions negotiated between school districts and employee organizations during the collective bargaining process. There are two types of negotiations: Traditional (positional) and Interest Based negotiations. Traditional negotiations solve a problem with respect to positions and

Hamlet: Masks We Wear Essays -- essays research papers

Masks A mask is a covering worn on the face or something that disguises or conceals oneself. All the characters in Shakespeare's Hamlet hide behind masks to cover up who they really are, which contridictes a main idea, expressed by the fool, Old Polonius, "To thine ownself be true" (Polonius - 1.3.84). All the characters share strengths and triumphs, flaws and downfalls. Instead of revealing their vulnerabilities, each of them wears a mask that conceals who they are and there true convictions. The masks brought about feelings such as fear, hatred, insanity, indecisiveness, ambitiousness, and vengeance all of which contribute to the tragic ending of the play. Shakespeare reveals the idea of the masks in the first lines of the play, "Who's there" (Barnardo - 1.1.1). "Nay, answer me. Stand and unfold yourself" (Fransisco - 1.1.2). These masks are upon each character, placed there by either society, self-ignorance, or guilt. Ophelia, Polonius' daughter and Hamlet's lover, hid behind a mask, just like Queen Gertrude's. It was, according to the society and the culture of the time, in the best interest of the woman to display a passive behavior for their personal preservation, which served as Gertrude's mask. Gertrude was brought up to believe that when a woman protests her innocence, in any matter, too much then people will begin to think otherwise. Gertrude revealed the idea of her mask, when responding to Hamlet inquiry of her likes to the play, her response was a bold reply, "The lady doth protest too much methinks" (Gertrude - 3.2.254), while viewing "The Murder of Ganzago." Hamlet's disgust with his mother's lack of strength, in regards to Claudius' sexual temptations, was evident in his soliloquy, after Gertrude begged him to stay with her and Claudius in Elsinore. "And yet, wi th a month let me not think on 't; fratility, thy name is woman." (Hamlet - 1.2.149-50) Gertrude's submissiveness is also evident in her refusal to face the pain of the true nature of her husband's murder. Gertrude begs "O Hamlet, speak no more! / Thou turn'st my eyes into my very soul, / And there I see such black and grained spots / As will not leave their tinct" (Gertrude - 3.4.99-103). In relation to Gertrude, Ophelia is even weaker and more passive. ... ...e murder of his father, Hamlet Sr. After Hamlet killed Polonius, and stored his body, when first asked of him the location of Polonius' body, and Hamlet replied with a riddle; "The body is with the King, but the King is not / with the body. The King is a thing-" (Hamlet - 4.2.27-28). This riddle strange in itself was evidence to Rosencrantz and Guildenstern of Hamlet's insanity. Once the King banished him to his death in England, Hamlet replied with "Farewell, dear mother." (Hamlet - 4.4.58). Shocking to the King, being his father and or uncle, and Hamlet forgave an explanation to the King of why he called him his mother; "My mother. Father and mother is man and wife, / Man and wife is one flesh, and so, my mother" (Hamlet - 4.4.60-61). Hamlet's mask of insanity had fooled the King, the Queen, Ophelia, Polonius, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. Though he had fooled these people he always kept a full grasp of reality and his true convictions. "To thine own self be true," (Polonius - 1.3.84) the words of a fool followed only by the tragic hero, Hamlet. The masks of the characters were what lead each to their tragedy.

Learning Portfolio Essay

During the semester, I have had to develop a unique study structure that was going to maximize the efficiency with which I utilized my study time. Before starting the course, I read the study handbook so that I could get a rough idea of what the course entailed and the nature of information I would be required to familiarize myself with. This enabled me to identify other relevant sources of information besides the books suggested in the recommended reading list. In the process of reading these materials, I took brief notes of the ideas and points that appeared noteworthy. Being in a non-English speaking country, obtaining relevant books and other resource materials was somehow challenging. I learned to utilize the internet to get books and journal articles from electronic libraries and databases. I also had to subscribe to various journals so that I could get updated news about the course since I realized that criminology is a dynamic topic and it requires one to get case studies and briefs. After the onset of the course, I had to develop effective study habits so that I could organize my time while staying on top of my work. I realized that in order to succeed, I had to make the right decisions about managing my time and resources. I had to give my studies the priority they deserve and I did not let friends or family dictate to me on what aspects of my life were more important than others. My concentration and grasping ability is at its peak during the morning hours, at quiet and cool surroundings which do not offer any distraction. I engaged in discussions and debates surrounding the course material since I know getting the perspective of my fellow students and their contributions on the points I might have missed is very important. Concerning my assignments, I always make sure I have completed them on time and I review them before every class. I also co-relate assignment content and what is in my notes to ensure that I have completed them satisfactorily. I rely on my notes for this because they are very comprehensive since I review and update them after every class; usually including paraphrasing content in my own words and including examples. These study strategies I adopted during the semester are very effective, and after cross-checking with my fellow students and a collection of study guides available in the internet, I found out that they are still very relevant. Of course, I know there will always be ways of improving them as challenges mount. For example, I found out that I had actually misunderstood some concepts and ideas I had assumed I fully understood, so I need to liaise with my professor and study group more. When I started this course, I did not have a clear understanding of what was really expected of me. I did not know if what I was doing was right or wrong, so I had to get the help of my fellow students, friends who had already graduated from the course and my professor to help me learn how to express my points and ideas. I always want to feel that I am living up to expectation, so I always seek feedback to help me identify areas I can improve on. I have formed a consistent effort to request my colleagues and supervisors so that I can refine my perspective regarding key concepts and ideas. In my attempt to be an all-rounder, I specify the kind of feedback I need from my colleagues, professors and supervisors at work. I do not just ask for a critique of the quality and quantity of effort I put in my studies or my work, but I also seek to find out other people’s perception of how effective or ineffective my interaction with other people and the system is. I also gave some of my essays to friends and colleagues to read; and used their criticism and opinions to improve on my essay writing skills. I feel that I can use the feedback I obtain regarding my study and work strategies and quality to improve by developing plans of action based on it on a regular basis. Feedback is effective only if it is involved in the review of strengths and weaknesses so that the actions taken can be specifically tailored to build on my strengths and work on my weaknesses. It is however important to note that feedback can only be genuine if the seeker also reciprocates by giving feedback to the people he or she seeks opinion from. Even though some people may not like getting feedback on their performance especially if it is negative, I try as much as possible to reciprocate by giving genuine feedback to those willing to acknowledge it so that I can receive an equal measure in return. I would be honest if I say that this course has been an eye opener for me. Through planning my time to fulfill course requirements like attending to classes and completing my assignments in time, I have learnt to be more organized not only in class but in other spheres of my life. The need for efficiency made me engage in research in an attempt to identify better, faster and more effective reading styles, and I perfected these on this course. I have attained a better reading speed and I have become better in both written and spoken English. Through research and preparation for writing my essays, I have improved on my writing skills a great deal. I have learnt several referencing styles and I could even take a chance at professional writing as of now. Criminology requires articulate presentation of ideas, facts and arguments; and this course has increased my analytical skills and the depth of my thinking. In the past, I have sort of been what social scientists would call a right brain thinker. To me, an occurrence or a phenomenon was true or false, black or white. But the course has taught me to think from different perspectives. This has been a big change for me bearing in mind that I have been quite opinioned about criminology issues; but I have learned to pay attention and get many sides to any event. Starting university has had an enormous impact on my academic, personal and work life as well. Being a student and working at the same time is a challenge for many people. I work and study; and since I realize that both are important to my life, I don’t let one take the time of the other. I do not take time off to study or skip classes to work or because I worked late; but I do take some hours off to catch up on my assignments and to engage in extracurricular activities to refresh my faculties and also to write my essay. As far as my private life is concerned, my academic engagements have made it necessary to study on most nights and weekends; but the experience has been good since I have gained the ability to see things from an academic and professional angle and reason likewise. This course has definitely induced a lot of changes in me. For starters, I have learned to be flexible to divergent thoughts and ideas, and since I have learned so much in the process, I have found out that some of the opinions I hold regarding other people and occurrences are not necessarily justified. With an increase in knowledge comes a change in heart, and the new ideas, concepts and facts I have learned have changed my opinion and attitude a great deal. Since the beginning of this course, I have continually learned that there is so much information out there for me to absorb and apply in my essays, arguments and in my professional life. Information for real has the capacity to change someone’s beliefs. The more I am challenged, the more I have become aware of the need and the virtue of being able to tolerate the values, beliefs and attitudes of other people. By virtue of the amount of literature I have had to cover, my attitude towards work has changed. Work, be it academic or professional, is no longer an obligation to me, but an opportunity to improve my vistas of knowledge and my capacity to interact with people, information and real life circumstances. In other words, the course has given me an opportunity to grow in character as a person. Through the study of moral values as they apply in criminology and psychology, I have learned that morality is a very personal issue; and that not a single person can rationally claim to have more superior values as compared to others. In as such, my attitude to people has changed a lot, and I am no longer quick to judge the actions of others without first establishing the motives behind their actions. Creative and research and essay writing has taught me the importance of respecting intellectual property. I have come across so much written material in this course; materials which have increased my knowledge base in ways I could not have imagined. It is a matter of fact that people somewhere took their time to do research, derive facts and write them down plus their relationship to and application in real life situations. It is not only responsible but also ethical therefore to respect their rights to their work by responsibly using these works. Responsible use of literary material is achieved by avoiding plagiarism. This entails proper use of resources and the application of correct referencing techniques to cite the contribution of existing literature in any produced essays or research papers. I had never done any referencing before, but the resources providing guidelines for referencing available at the university website helped me a lot in learning how to responsibly utilize literary materials without abusing intellectual property. As I pointed out earlier, I did not know what was expected of me before actually joining this course. As the course progressed, I came to realize that it is actually a very interesting course. Even though it is quite challenging in terms of difficulty in comprehending some of the concepts taught, I do not regret taking it. The course has made me understand people better and have valuable insight on the motivations people have while committing some of the activities they commit. As I said earlier, I had to work as I undertook this course. The responsibilities could have been overwhelming for most people and their families, but the experience brought me closer to my wife who supported me throughout the duration of the course and has still continued to support me. In terms of my professional experience, the course has opened up my mind and conscience. I have met a lot of interesting people and the experience has made me a better communicator, improving the relationship between me and my work colleagues. I am a very ambitious person and I want to continue growing professionally, that is why I decided to further my education in the first place. My ambition sometimes brings me at odds with my colleagues, but I have known how to effectively handle their aggressions. I hope that these skills are going to push me up the professional ladder, even though this is going to take some time considering the system of my place of work.

Cup Cake Business Plan - 3864 Words

Business plan Raymond s Sports Cafe All the comments in the following business plan are based on the waiter Raymond Reed’s start of a sports cafe in the better part of a big city. Raymond s Sports Cafe is a fictitious company that is exclusively designed to serve as an example of how a business can be disposed. See template for this business plan on www.dynamicbusinessplan.com Contents BACKGROUND INFORMATION ............................................................................................................................... 2 RESUME.......................................................................................................................................................................... 2 BUSINESS CONCEPT†¦show more content†¦I am 40 years and have played professional football in the local club. I am today a part of the marketing team of the club. Raymond’s Sports Cafe – example of a business plan found at www.dynamicbusinessplan.com 3 Economy: Five years ago I decided that I at one time would have my own cafe. So today I have saved 200,000 in a start up account in the bank. I have received commitments from three people who are willing to stand surety each for 20,000. Furthermore, I have a condominium with some equity. Business Concept The company s philosophy The purpose of my sports cafe is to ensure that customers get real fun and good experiences when they use their leisure time in the cafe. Elevator speech / Sales Presentation I have the city s most entertaining sports cafe with seating for 150 people. It s packed with the latest technology so you can experience everything in sport from the segregated monitors at each of the 40 tables. We have specially trained staff to serve our menus and drinks at reasonable prices. Here is my card, permitting a free drink for you and a companion. The needs which the company will cover customer The Sports Cafà © covers the need for human interaction for the 20- 30 year olds in an environment of action, music and TV tuning. What is special about this company compared to competitors Raymond s Sports Cafà © is the first eventful cafe in town and the owner will have close contacts withShow MoreRelatedThe Small Business Plan For A Cup Cake And Ice Cream Parlor1779 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Small business can be maintained by individual or partners by investing their shares in business. The capital for small business is not very high to attain wide edges in market. As compare to medium scale and high scale business financing, small scale business has to accommodate its business operations within limited amount of capital. 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Second Cup s coffee portfolio contains around 19 kinds of coffee. The Company s bistros offer a variety of hand-made coffee based drinks. Second Cup additionally gives an assortment of items, for example, cakes, sandwiches, biscuits, treats, and so forth. In this paper, I will discuss about how Starbucks and Second Cup have different strategies to provide excellent customer service and how the technology is impacting their operation in business. Also, I will discuss cross-stat

Rape Is A Global Issue - 929 Words

â€Å"Was she really wearing that? No wonder he assumed she wanted it.† Everyone has heard this at least once. The trend of blaming victims for their own rape only justifies the rapist’s actions and help him avoid punishment. It leaves the victim feeling dead inside and traumatized. Rape is one of the worst crimes committed against women. Unfortunately, this hateful crime has been going on for years and persists. Rape has been a global issue. In order to address this crime, one must know what exactly rape is, who is getting blamed for it, and what the aftermath of rape is. Grussendorf describes rape as being â€Å"A electroshock to the human’s mind and body†. (1) When people hear the words domestic violence, emotional abuse, and sexual abuse, they often tend to lose sight of what they really means. Today rape comes in different forms. Rapists don’t only use their penis, but they also use their fingers, dildos, knives, broomsticks, and guns (Grussen dorf 2). 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Literature Review Job Design and Workforce Diversity...

â€Å"In the current business environment, what role do job design and workforce diversity play in attempts to improve individual and organisational performance?† Literature Review A significant number of ideas have been offered to explain job design and workforce diversity which impacts on individual and organisational performance in business environment at the present time (Yan, Peng, Franesco, 2011 ; Foss, Minbaeva, Pedersen, Reinholt, 2009). Improving and developing performance will lead to goal achievements for both individuals and organisations. Organisations should do job design together with workforce diversity in order to achieve final outcomes. Both job design and workforce diversity purpose to match employees with the†¦show more content†¦They further that after the workers get familiar with designed jobs they can feel more motivated with their works as a part of the achievement of organisation goals and as a result the employees performance grow up that assertively impacts the outcomes. Garg and Rastogi (2006) present the new idea of job design which is more systematic. First step is â€Å"performance analysis† which will help in describing and understanding in performance problems. Next, â€Å"root-cause analysis† which will identify causes of performance problems, â€Å"Intervention selection and design†, â€Å"implementation† and â€Å"evaluation†. Apart from the five stages, they also mention that leadership style is also important because leaders are the one that employees trust so they can motivate the performance of workers. In designed jobs, performance is get involve with every processes so that the main purpose of doing job design is to maximise performance outcomes in order to match the right people to the right positions. Designing jobs under focusing appropriate management strategies as internal organisation factors can help to create opportunities for career improvement, skill learning and creative abilities to employees. Job design can improve recruit performance, the organisation can get the person that mostly match with theShow MoreRelatedJob Design and Work Diver sity1463 Words   |  6 Pages HRM 502 Human Resource Management 1A : Literature Review Topic: Job design and workforce diversity play in attempts to improve individual and organisational performance Date : 25 August 2013 Introduction In the current business environment, human resource management (HRM) has become an important role for an organisation. 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